Endovascular Repair of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm - Elective
Steps Involved in IVF:
Procedure Description
Endovascular repair of a thoracic aortic aneurysm (TEVAR) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure designed to treat a bulging or weakened area in the thoracic aorta. An aortic aneurysm is a potentially life-threatening condition, as the aorta is the body's main artery responsible for transporting oxygenated blood from the heart to other organs. When the aorta weakens and forms an aneurysm, there's a risk of rupture, which can lead to severe bleeding, organ damage, and even death.
In elective TEVAR, a stent-graft (a fabric-covered metallic tube) is inserted through small incisions, typically made in the groin area. The stent-graft is guided through the blood vessels to the site of the aneurysm in the thoracic aorta. This stent-graft reinforces the aortic wall, preventing the aneurysm from rupturing and promoting blood flow through the newly created pathway within the graft. The use of endovascular techniques has revolutionized thoracic aortic aneurysm management, offering a less invasive alternative to open surgery.
TEVAR has grown in popularity due to its minimally invasive nature, reduced operative time, and shortened hospital stay. Since the procedure is performed inside the blood vessels (endovascular), it avoids the need for large incisions, chest opening, or stopping the heart, thereby reducing recovery time and surgical risks. As an elective procedure, TEVAR is typically planned ahead of time, giving patients the opportunity to prepare for surgery, undergo necessary evaluations, and discuss the best approach with their healthcare provider.
Procedure Duration
The duration of the endovascular repair of a thoracic aortic aneurysm can vary depending on the complexity of the aneurysm and the patient's overall health. Typically, the procedure lasts between 1 to 3 hours, making it significantly shorter than traditional open surgery. This includes the time required for placing the stent-graft, verifying its position using imaging technology, and ensuring there are no complications during the procedure.
TEVAR is generally performed in several phases. First, the patient undergoes anesthesia and is positioned for surgery. The surgeon then makes small incisions in the groin to access the femoral arteries, through which a catheter is inserted. Using fluoroscopic guidance (real-time X-ray imaging), the catheter is advanced into the thoracic aorta. Once the aneurysm is reached, the stent-graft is deployed and carefully positioned to cover the aneurysm. The placement of the stent-graft is verified, and once the vascular integrity is confirmed, the catheter is withdrawn, and the incisions are closed.
The recovery period for TEVAR is generally shorter than that for open surgery, with most patients staying in the hospital for around 2 to 3 days. Full recovery may take anywhere from 1 to 4 weeks, depending on the patient's age, health status, and how quickly they respond to the treatment. Patients are advised to avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activities for a few weeks post-procedure, and regular follow-ups are recommended to monitor the stent-graft’s placement and function.
Benefits
- Minimally Invasive Technique: TEVAR requires only small incisions, reducing the trauma to the body and leading to faster recovery compared to open surgery.
- Shorter Operative Time: The procedure is often completed within a few hours, decreasing the risks associated with prolonged anesthesia and blood loss.
- Faster Recovery & Reduced Hospital Stay: Patients typically experience a shorter hospital stay (2-3 days) and quicker overall recovery (1-4 weeks).
- Reduced Risk of Complications: The less invasive nature of TEVAR leads to lower chances of complications like infections, respiratory issues, and cardiac problems.
- Effective Aneurysm Management: TEVAR effectively prevents aneurysm rupture and provides long-term stability, improving patients' quality of life and prognosis.
Potential Destinations
- Germany: Known for its advanced medical technology and experienced cardiovascular surgeons, Germany is a preferred destination for TEVAR. The country’s strict healthcare standards ensure high-quality outcomes for international patients.
- Singapore: Singapore’s healthcare system boasts world-class facilities, skilled medical professionals, and state-of-the-art technology. Its reputation for excellent cardiac and vascular care makes it an ideal choice for TEVAR.
- Turkey: Offering a balance between affordability and top-tier medical care, Turkey has gained popularity for complex vascular procedures like TEVAR. The country’s hospitals are equipped with the latest technology, and many doctors are internationally trained.
- India: India provides cost-effective medical treatments without compromising on quality. With a vast pool of experienced cardiovascular surgeons and well-equipped hospitals, India is a hub for medical tourists seeking elective TEVAR.
- United Arab Emirates (UAE): The UAE, particularly Dubai and Abu Dhabi, has emerged as a leading destination for medical tourism. With its luxury healthcare facilities, highly qualified surgeons, and modern infrastructure, the UAE is a top choice for those seeking TEVAR.
Risks & Considerations
- Endoleaks: One of the main risks of TEVAR is the development of an endoleak, where blood continues to flow into the aneurysm sac outside the stent-graft, potentially leading to further complications.
- Stent Migration or Graft Failure: There's a possibility that the stent-graft may move from its original position or fail to adequately seal the aneurysm, necessitating further intervention.
- Infection: Though rare, the insertion of a foreign body (stent-graft) can lead to an infection, which may require antibiotic treatment or additional surgical procedures.
- Kidney Damage: The use of contrast dye during the procedure can affect kidney function, particularly in patients with pre-existing kidney issues.
- Blood Clots and Stroke: Although less common, there is a risk of blood clots forming, which may lead to stroke or other vascular complications.
How to Choose the Right Doctor and Hospital
Selecting the right medical team for an elective endovascular repair of a thoracic aortic aneurysm is crucial for a successful outcome. Patients should seek a cardiovascular surgeon with extensive experience in TEVAR and endovascular techniques. A physician who has performed numerous similar procedures and is well-versed in the latest advancements is highly desirable. The surgeon’s ability to provide comprehensive preoperative evaluations and follow-up care is also important to ensure optimal results.
When choosing a hospital, consider a facility with a dedicated cardiovascular department, access to advanced imaging technology, and a multidisciplinary team that can handle complex cases if complications arise. Additionally, international accreditation, positive patient testimonials, and the presence of comprehensive post-surgical support services are valuable indicators of a hospital's quality in managing TEVAR.
To receive a free quote for this procedure please click on the link: https://www.medicaltourism.com/get-a-quote
Patients are advised to seek hospitals that are accredited by Global Healthcare and only work with medical tourism facilitators who are certified by Global Healthcare Accreditation or who have undergone certification from the Certified Medical Travel Professionals (CMTP). This ensures that the highest standards in the industry are met. GHA accredits the top hospitals in the world. These are the best hospitals in the world for quality and providing the best patient experience. Click the link to check out hospitals accredited by the Global Healthcare Accreditation: https://www.globalhealthcareaccreditation.com
Frequently Asked Questions
What actually happens during hyperstimulation of the ovaries?
The patient will take injectable FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) for eight to eleven days, depending on how long the follicles take to mature. This hormone is produced naturally in a woman’s body causing one egg to develop per cycle. Taking the injectable FSH causes several follicles to develop at once, at approximately the same rate. The development is monitored with vaginal ultrasounds and following the patient’s levels of estradiol and progesterone. FSH brand names include Repronex, Follistim, Menopur, Gonal-F and Bravelle. The patient injects herself daily.
What happens during egg retrieval?
When the follicles have developed enough to be harvested, the patient attends an appointment where she is anesthetized and prepared for the procedure. Next, the doctor uses an ultrasound probe to guide a needle through the vaginal wall and into the follicle of the ovary. The thin needle draws the follicle fluid, which is then examined by an embryologist to find the eggs. The whole process takes about 20 minutes.
What happens to the eggs?
In the next step, the harvested eggs are then fertilized. If the sperm from the potential father, or in some cases, anonymous donor, has normal functionality, the eggs and sperm are placed together in a dish with a nutrient fluid, then incubated overnight to fertilize normally. If the sperm functionality is suboptimal, an embryologist uses Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection to inject a single sperm into a single egg with an extremely precise glass needle. Once fertilization is complete, the embryos are assessed and prepared to be transferred to the patient’s uterus.
How are the embryos transferred back to the uterus?
The doctor and the patient will discuss the number of embryos to be transferred. The number of successfully fertilized eggs usually determines the number of eggs to be placed in the uterus. Embryos are transferred to the uterus with transabdominal ultrasound guidance. This process does not require anesthesia, but it can cause minor cervical or uterine discomfort. Following transfer, the patient is advised to take at least one days bed rest and two or three additional days of rest, then 10 to 12 days later, two pregnancy tests are scheduled to confirm success. Once two positive tests are completed, an obstetrical ultrasound is ordered to show the sac, fetal pole, yolk sac and fetal heart rate.
Embryoscope©
Built into this technology there is a microscope with a powerful camera that allows the uninterrupted monitoring of the embryo during its first hours of life. In this way, we can keep a close eye on the embryo, from the moment when the oocyte is inseminated and begins to divide into smaller and smaller cells, until it can be transferred to the uterus.
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